CTEC1335/2008F
==============

The Vector Template Class
-------------------------

Use the Standard Template Library (STL).

see http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/stl/vector/

#include <vector>

using namespace std ;

New types:

vector<char>
vector<int>
vector<double>
vector<string>

A vector is an array whose memory is managed automatically, and which
has a variable (practically unlimited size).


Member functions:
----------------

.push_back( )	Add a new element onto the end of a vector.

.size( )	Get the number of elements in the vector.

.at( ) 		Get the element at a certain index (which must be in the
		range 0 to .size( ) - 1 [like an array].)

operator[ ]	Access a vector like you would an array.  The index has
		the same restrictions as for arrays and the at( ) 
		member function.

Iterators:
---------

These are used to traverse through the entire collection of elements,
without having to know the number of elements and without using an
array index.

vector<_>::iterator		Type for forward direction iterator.

Member functions to use in a for loop:
.begin( )
.end( )

vector<_>::reverse_iterator	Type for reverse direction iterator.

Member functions to use in a for loop:
.rbegin( )
.rend( )


Iterator Example
----------------
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

using namespace std ;

int
main( )
{
	vector<string> list ;
	string line ;

	cout << "Enter a list of words, one word per line." << endl
	     << "Press Enter twice when you are done." << endl ;

	while ( ! getline( cin, line ).eof( ) )
	{
		if ( line.length( ) == 0 )
		{
			break ;
		}

		list.push_back( line ) ;
	}

	cout << endl << "The list of words you entered:" << endl << endl ;

	vector<string>::iterator it ;

	for ( it = list.begin( ) ; it < list.end( ) ; it++ )
	{
		cout << *it << endl ;
	}

	cout << endl << "The list of words you entered in reverse:"
	     << endl << endl ;
		
	vector<string>::reverse_iterator rit ;

	for ( rit = list.rbegin( ) ; rit < list.rend( ) ; rit++ )
	{
		cout << *rit << endl ;
	}
}